Color Mercury

Launched in 2004, the NASA Messenger spacecraft has been orbiting Mercury since April 2011, bringing a new light over the smallest and closest planet to the Sun of the Solar System. It has been the first mission to explore this planet since the Mariner 10 mission back in the 70′s, and the results have been highly surprising.

In november 2012, NASA announced that Messenger had revealed the presence of ice  and frozen tar deep inside craters at the poles of Mercury, where sunlight never reaches and the temperatures is -200ºC, quite a contrast to the +400ºC at the lighted surface of the planet. Messenger has also done high-resolution maps of the surface of Mercury, down to the scale of a few meters, revealing the complex chemical composition of this highly-dense planet.

Now NASA has revealed a new colour-coded map of the surface, where the different compositions of the rocks are shown. What is surprising is the high amount of volatile compounts such as potassium or sulfur which most models of planet formation predict that they should evaporate during the early stages of formation. Mercury is therefore quite paradigmatic, with an enormous iron core that creates a large magnetic field and a surface with unexpected elements. New models will be needed to explain these, and astronomers are already thinking about diferent theories like diferents chemical conditions at the inner part of the nebula that created the solar system or an enormous impact at early formation stages that would have stripped Mercury of most of its rocky external layers.

So far, more observations are needed but we can enjoy already this fabulous colored view of that mistery planet that Mercury still is. The more orange areas are volcanic plains while the make-up of the rocks in the deep blue areas is unknown. Though Messenger was able to detect the abundance of individual elements on Mercury’s surface – including iron, titanium, sulphur and potassium – without rock samples to study, it is impossible to determine the exact compounds or minerals in which those elements are arranged.

Primera imagen de Mercurio desde la Messenger

El 3 de agosto del 2004 era lanzada la sonda espacial Messenger, cuya misión era llegar al planeta más cercano al Sol, Mercurio, orbitar alrededor suyo y enviarnos fotografías de gran calidad.

Fue un largo viaje, el 18 de este mes alcanzaba por fin el planeta y ayer envió la histórica primera fotografía para confirmar el éxito de la misión, aqui la tenemos, un trocito de su superficie

Vía Messenger.